Small Angle Approximation

Law of Cosines

Law of Sines

Half Angle Identities

Ingration By Parts

Taylor Series Expansion (for x near a)

Geometric Series Summation

Gaussian Distribution

Delta Function

Definition of Mean

Euler's Formula

Dimensional Analysis

Rectilinear Geometry

• Square: C = 4R, A = R²
• Cube: A = 6 R², V = R³, D = 2 R, L = 3 R

Spherical Geometry

• Circle: C = 2 R, A = R²
• Sphere: A = 4 R², V = 4/3 R³
• Sky: A = 4 steradians