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Additional Spectral Confounds:

 

  • Surface Gravity - on order of log g = 5 (about 1000 m/s2, or 4x solar). Contributes to line broadening

  • Dust - grain size and its effects on opacity, cloud deck structure, "sedimentation efficiency"

  • "Weather" - cloud dynamics are likely cause of temporal variations of spectra


Figure taken from Marley (2004).